The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has discovered a British-era lime crushing factory in the moat surrounding Agra Fort. This watermill, located near the locks, adds an important piece to the puzzle of understanding the extensive conservation efforts undertaken under British rule.
Additionally, during excavation and cleaning operations, ASI discovered a four-section water tank dedicated to the preservation of lime mortar, further contributing to the historical story of this majestic fort.
The brick-built lime crushing mill of Lakhauli stands as a symbol of the sophisticated architecture of the time. Archaeologist Dr Rajkumar Patel, who supervised the excavation, suggested that the mill likely dates back to the British era.
ASI carried out operations from Bengal Burj to Elephant Gate.
Lime mortar, a staple of Mughal architecture, was widely used in the construction of forts. ASI plans to meticulously preserve these historical relics in their original condition and provide future generations with a window into the past.
Dr. Patel detailed the time-consuming production of lime in the past. While lime is readily available today, artisans had to soak it for a full week and then grind it into fine pieces in a factory, he said.
“This crushed lime was mixed with coarse sand and formed the basis for constructing landmark structures like Agra Fort,” he said.
He explained that the discovery of the lime crusher is an important milestone in improving the understanding of the history of Agra Fort. It is also highlighted that lime played an important role in the construction and maintenance of the fort.
The adjacent reservoir suggests the fort's multifunctional purpose, serving not only as a military base but also as a bustling hub of activity and commerce.
Dr. Patel emphasized that extensive conservation efforts were undertaken during the British Raj. The restoration of important structures such as the Musamman Burj and Kas Mahal and the construction of ramps to attach cannons to the fort demonstrated the British Empire's commitment to the magnificent fortification and preservation of the Agra Fort.
